Anatomy of sodium hypochlorite accidents involving facial ecchymosis—A review

Anatomy of sodium hypochlorite accidents.

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in various concentrations is the most widely used endodontic irrigant, but it can be an irritant to vital tissues. There are several reports about the complications of irrigation with NaOCl during root canal therapy. Most of the complications are the result of accidental extrusion of the solution from the apical foramen or accessory canals or perforations into the pe...

Sodium hypochlorite in endodontics: an update review.

The major objective in root canal treatment is to disinfect the entire root canal system. This requires that the pulpal contents be eliminated as sources of infection. This goal may be accomplished using mechanical instrumentation and chemical irrigation, in conjunction with medication of the root canal between treatment sessions. Microorganisms and their by-products are considered to be the ma...

Sodium Hypochlorite

Sodium Hypochlorite Generation

Low concentration (0.5-0.8%) sodium hypochlorite is a viable solution for point-of-use drinking water chlorination programs in Nepal, and it can be produced on a small-scale at a low cost using relatively cheap, safe, and robust generators, appropriate for developing country conditions. This thesis describes the set-up and the testing of a sodium hypochlorite generator in Kathmandu, at the labo...

Sodium Hypochlorite Solutions

hypochlorite (NaOCl) associated with a surfactant. Seventy single-rooted extracted human teeth were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis, and incubated for 21 days (37 °C). The groups were distributed according to the irrigation solution used during root canal preparation: 5%, 2.5% and 1% NaOCl; 5%, 2.5% and 1% Hypoclean®, a solution containing a surfactant (cetrimide) associated with NaOCl. T...